Palestine and Israel

[K3]

True, but what is does is reflect sentiment and with that comes pressure.
143 nations voted for this, 26 abstained and only 9 voted against it. The world has made its point which I agree has severe limitations but is not nothing.

I agree, but in the end nothing will change. Why? Because the USA has a veto at the UN General Assembly.

179 nations could have voted in favour, but it doesn't count for anything and, imo, that is a gross misrepresentation of what the world wants. Truly a shame.

Still, as you say, public opinion is moving and people are starting to feel more confident in being heard, which can only be a good thing to help stop the genocide being committed on the Palestinian people.

May the rolling ball gather more speed.

 

[DavidSSS]

An article from 2017 puts a fair bit of context around the current situation

The Nakba did not start or end in 1948​

Key facts and figures on the ethnic cleansing of Palestine.

Every year on May 15, Palestinians around the world, numbering about 12.4 million, mark the Nakba, or “catastrophe”, referring to the ethnic cleansing of Palestine and the near-total destruction of Palestinian society in 1948.


The Palestinian experience of dispossession and loss of a homeland is 69 years old this year.


On that day, the State of Israel came into being. The creation of Israel was a violent process that entailed the forced expulsion of hundreds of thousands of Palestinians from their homeland to establish a Jewish-majority state, as per the aspirations of the Zionist movement.


Between 1947 and 1949, at least 750,000 Palestinians from a 1.9 million population were made refugees beyond the borders of the state. Zionist forces had taken more than 78 percent of historic Palestine, ethnically cleansed and destroyed about 530 villages and cities, and killed about 15,000 Palestinians in a series of mass atrocities, including more than 70 massacres.

Palestinians in 1948, five months after the creation of Israel, leaving a village in the Galilee [Reuters]

Though May 15, 1948, became the official day for commemorating the Nakba, armed Zionist groups had launched the process of displacement of Palestinians much earlier. In fact, by May 15, half of the total number of Palestinian refugees had already been forcefully expelled from their country.


Israel continues to oppress and dispossess Palestinians to this day, albeit in a less explicit way than that during the Nakba.

What caused the Nakba?​

The roots of the Nakba stem from the emergence of Zionism as a political ideology in late 19th-century Eastern Europe. The ideology is based on the belief that Jews are a nation or a race that deserve their own state.


From 1882 onwards, thousands of Eastern European and Russian Jews began settling in Palestine; pushed by the anti-Semitic persecution and pogroms they were facing in the Russian Empire, and the appeal of Zionism.


In 1896, Viennese journalist Theodor Herzl published a pamphlet that came to be seen as the ideological basis for political Zionism – Der Judenstaat, or “The Jewish State”. Herzl concluded that the remedy to centuries-old anti-Semitic sentiments and attacks in Europe was the creation of a Jewish state.


Though some of the movement’s pioneers initially supported a Jewish state in places such as Uganda and Argentina, they eventually called for for building a state in Palestine based on the biblical concept that the Holy Land was promised to the Jews by God.

In the 1880s, the community of Palestinian Jews, known as the Yishuv, amounted to three percent of the total population. In contrast to the Zionist Jews who would arrive in Palestine later, the original Yishuv did not aspire to build a modern Jewish state in Palestine.


After the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire (1517-1914), the British occupied Palestine as part of the secret Sykes-Picot treaty of 1916 between Britain and France to divvy up the Middle East for imperial interests.


In 1917, before the start of the British Mandate (1920-1947), the British issued the Balfour Declaration, promising to help the “establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people”, essentially vowing to give away a country that was not theirs to give.

---

READ MORE: How Britain Destroyed the Palestinian Homeland

---

Central to the pledge was Chaim Weizmann, a Britain-based Russian Zionist leader and chemist whose contributions to the British war effort during World War I (1914-1918) made him well-connected to the upper echelons of the British government. Weizmann lobbied hard for more than two years with British former Prime Minister David Lloyd-George and former Foreign Minister Arthur Balfour to publicly commit Britain to building a homeland for the Jews in Palestine.


By giving their support to Zionist goals in Palestine, the British hoped they could shore up support among the significant Jewish populations in the US and Russia for the Allied effort during WWI. They also believed the Balfour Declaration would secure their control over Palestine after the war.


From 1919 onwards, Zionist immigration to Palestine, facilitated by the British, increased dramatically. Weizmann, who later became Israel’s first president, was realising his dream of making Palestine “as Jewish as England is English”.

European Jews arrive from the Nazi holocaust wave into the Palestinian Arab city of Haifa, five weeks before Israel is declared a state [Reuters]

Between 1922 and 1935, the Jewish population rose from nine percent to nearly 27 percent of the total population, displacing tens of thousands of Palestinian tenants from their lands as Zionists bought land from absentee landlords.


Leading Arab and Palestinian intellectuals openly warned against the motifs of the Zionist movement in the press as early as 1908. With the Nazi seizure of power in Germany between 1933 and 1936, 30,000 to 60,000 European Jews arrived on the shores of Palestine.


In 1936, Palestinian Arabs launched a large-scale uprising against the British and their support for Zionist settler-colonialism, known as the Arab Revolt. The British authorities crushed the revolt, which lasted until 1939, violently; they destroyed at least 2,000 Palestinian homes, put 9,000 Palestinians in concentration camps and subjected them to violent interrogation, including torture, and deported 200 Palestinian nationalist leaders.


At least ten percent of the Palestinian male population had been killed, wounded, exiled or imprisoned by the end of the revolt.

The British government, worried about the eruption of violence between the Palestinians and Zionists, tried to curtail at several points immigration of European Jews. Zionist lobbyists in London overturned their efforts.


In 1944, several Zionist armed groups declared war on Britain for trying to put limits on Jewish immigration to Palestine at a time when Jews were fleeing the Holocaust. The Zionist paramilitary organisations launched a number of attacks against the British – the most notable of which was the King David Hotel bombing in 1946 where the British administrative headquarters were housed; 91 people were killed in the attack.


In early 1947, the British government announced it would be handing over the disaster it had created in Palestine to the United Nations and ending its colonial project there. On November 29, 1947, the UN adopted Resolution 181, recommending the partition of Palestine into Jewish and Arab states.


At the time, the Jews in Palestine constituted one third of the population and owned less than six percent of the total land area. Under the UN partition plan, they were allocated 55 percent of the land, encompassing many of the main cities with Palestinian Arab majorities and the important coastline from Haifa to Jaffa. The Arab state would be deprived of key agricultural lands and seaports, which led the Palestinians to reject the proposal.


Shortly following the UN Resolution 181, war broke out between the Palestinian Arabs and Zionist armed groups, who, unlike the Palestinians, had gained extensive training and arms from fighting alongside Britain in World War II.


Zionist paramilitary groups launched a vicious process of ethnic cleansing in the form of large-scale attacks aimed at the mass expulsion of Palestinians from their towns and villages to build the Jewish state, which culminated in the Nakba.


While some Zionist thinkers claim there is no proof of a systematic master plan for the expulsion of Palestinians for the creation of the Jewish state, and that their dispossession was an unintended result of war, the presence of a Palestinian Arab majority in what Zionist leaders envisioned as a future state meant the Nakba was inevitable.

Why do Palestinians commemorate the Nakba on May 15?​

The British occupation authorities had announced that they would be ending their mandate in Palestine on the eve of May 15, 1948. Eight hours earlier, David Ben-Gurion, who became Israel’s first prime minister, announced what the Zionist leaders called a declaration of independence in Tel Aviv.


The British Mandate ended at midnight, and on May 15, the Israeli state came into being.

David Ben Gurion, centre, a Polish Jew, reads out what Israel called a declaration of independence on May 14, 1948. A photo of Herzl hangs in the backdrop [Reuters]

Palestinians commemorated their national tragedy of losing a homeland in an unofficial way for decades, but in 1998, the former President of the Palestinian Authority, Yasser Arafat, declared May 15 a national day of remembrance, on the 50th year since the Nakba.


Israel celebrates the day as its day of independence.


[Continued below, hit the character limit]

 

[DavidSSS]

When did the process of displacement actually begin?​

Though displacement of Palestinians from their lands by the Zionist project was already taking place during the British Mandate, mass displacement started when the UN partition plan was passed.


In less than six months, from December 1947 to mid-May 1948, Zionist armed groups expelled about 440,000 Palestinians from 220 villages.


Before May 15, some of the most infamous massacres had already been committed; the Baldat al-Sheikh massacre on December 31, 1947, killing up to 70 Palestinians; the Sa’sa’ massacre on February 14, 1948, when 16 houses were blown up and 60 people lost their lives; and the Deir Yassin massacre on April 9, 1948, when about 110 Palestinian men, women and children were slaughtered.

How many Palestinians were displaced?​

As units of the Egyptian, Lebanese, Syrian, Jordanian and Iraqi armies invaded on May 15, the Arab-Israeli war was launched, and stretched until March 1949.


By the first half of 1949, at least 750,000 Palestinians in total were forcibly expelled or fled outside of their homeland. Zionist forces had committed about 223 atrocities by 1949, including massacres, attacks such as bombings of homes, looting, the destruction of property and entire villages.


Some 150,000 Palestinians remained in the areas of Palestine that became part of the Israeli state. Of the 150,000, some 30,000 to 40,000 were internally displaced.


Like the 750,000 who were displaced beyond the borders of the new state, Israel prohibited internally displaced Palestinians from returning to their homes.

Palestinian Arabs leaving the port city of Jaffa as Zionist forces advanced on the city [Associated Press]

In the years that followed the establishment of Israel, the state extended its systematic ethnic cleansing. Though armistice agreements had been signed with Egypt, Jordan, Syria and Lebanon in 1949, the newly founded Israeli army committed a number of additional massacres and campaigns of forced displacement.


For example, in 1950, the remaining 2,500 Palestinian residents of the city of Majdal were forced into the Gaza Strip, about 2,000 inhabitants of Beer el-Sabe were expelled to the West Bank, and some 2,000 residents of two northern villages were driven into Syria.


By the mid-1950s, the Palestinian population inside Israel had become about 195,000. Between 1948 and the mid-1950s, some 30,000, or 15 percent of the population, were expelled outside the borders of the new state, according to the BADIL refugee rights group.

Is the Nakba over?​

While the Zionist project fulfilled its dream of creating “a Jewish homeland” in Palestine in 1948, the process of ethnic cleansing and displacement of Palestinians never stopped.


During the 1967 Arab-Israeli War, known as the Naksa, meaning “setback”, Israel occupied the remaining Palestinian territories of East Jerusalem, the West Bank, the Gaza Strip and continues to occupy them until today. While under the UN partition plan Israel was allocated 55 percent, today it controls more than 85 percent of historic Palestine.


The Naksa led to the displacement of some 430,000 Palestinians, half of which originated from the areas occupied in 1948 and were thus twice refugees. As in the Nakba, Israeli forces used military tactics that violated basic international rights law such as attacks on civilians and expulsion. Most refugees fled into neighbouring Jordan, with others going to Egypt and Syria.

Little children play amid lines of laundry drying out at Baqaa Camp in Jordan for Palestinian refugees of the 1967 war – some were refugees from 1948 [The Associated Press]

What is the situation today?​

The more than three million Palestinians living in the occupied West Bank and East Jerusalem face home demolitions, arbitrary arrests, and displacement as Israel expands the 100-plus Jewish-only colonies and steals Palestinian land to do so. Palestinian movement is restricted by military checkpoints and the Separation Wall that has obstructed their ability to travel freely.

Palestinians wait to cross the Qalandia military checkpoint in the occupied West Bank as Israeli officers stand guard, in 2016 [Reuters]

The Gaza Strip, where some two million Palestinians live, has been under Israeli siege for more than a decade whereby Israel controls the air space, sea and borders; the Strip has also witnessed three Israeli assaults that have made the area close to uninhabitable.

Within Israel, the 1.8 million Palestinians are an involuntary minority in a state for the Jews. Rights groups have recorded some 50 laws that discriminate against them for not being Jewish, such as ones that criminalise the commemoration of the Nakba.


Since the creation of Israel, no new Palestinian towns or cities were built within its borders, in contrast to the 600 Jewish municipalities that have been developed, according to Adalah, the legal centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel.


Since 1948, some one million Palestinians have been arrested by Israel, according to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics. Additionally, some 100,000 Palestinian homes have been demolished (not including the Nakba or the Gaza wars), according to BADIL.

There are hundreds of checkpoints, roadblocks and flying checkpoints in the West Bank, and between Israel and the West Bank where Palestinians must show proof of identification and be searched [Reuters]

Today, there are about 7.98 million Palestinian refugees and internally displaced persons who have not been able to return to their original homes and villages.


Some 6.14 million of those are refugees and their descendants beyond the borders of the state; many live in some of the worst conditions in more than 50 refugee camps run by the UN in neighbouring countries.




We need a cease fire now and a resolution which allows for Palestinian self-determination.

DS

 

[Nico]

An article from 2017 puts a fair bit of context around the current situation

The Nakba did not start or end in 1948​

Key facts and figures on the ethnic cleansing of Palestine.

Every year on May 15, Palestinians around the world, numbering about 12.4 million, mark the Nakba, or “catastrophe”, referring to the ethnic cleansing of Palestine and the near-total destruction of Palestinian society in 1948.


The Palestinian experience of dispossession and loss of a homeland is 69 years old this year.


On that day, the State of Israel came into being. The creation of Israel was a violent process that entailed the forced expulsion of hundreds of thousands of Palestinians from their homeland to establish a Jewish-majority state, as per the aspirations of the Zionist movement.


Between 1947 and 1949, at least 750,000 Palestinians from a 1.9 million population were made refugees beyond the borders of the state. Zionist forces had taken more than 78 percent of historic Palestine, ethnically cleansed and destroyed about 530 villages and cities, and killed about 15,000 Palestinians in a series of mass atrocities, including more than 70 massacres.

Palestinians in 1948, five months after the creation of Israel, leaving a village in the Galilee [Reuters]

Though May 15, 1948, became the official day for commemorating the Nakba, armed Zionist groups had launched the process of displacement of Palestinians much earlier. In fact, by May 15, half of the total number of Palestinian refugees had already been forcefully expelled from their country.


Israel continues to oppress and dispossess Palestinians to this day, albeit in a less explicit way than that during the Nakba.

What caused the Nakba?​

The roots of the Nakba stem from the emergence of Zionism as a political ideology in late 19th-century Eastern Europe. The ideology is based on the belief that Jews are a nation or a race that deserve their own state.


From 1882 onwards, thousands of Eastern European and Russian Jews began settling in Palestine; pushed by the anti-Semitic persecution and pogroms they were facing in the Russian Empire, and the appeal of Zionism.


In 1896, Viennese journalist Theodor Herzl published a pamphlet that came to be seen as the ideological basis for political Zionism – Der Judenstaat, or “The Jewish State”. Herzl concluded that the remedy to centuries-old anti-Semitic sentiments and attacks in Europe was the creation of a Jewish state.


Though some of the movement’s pioneers initially supported a Jewish state in places such as Uganda and Argentina, they eventually called for for building a state in Palestine based on the biblical concept that the Holy Land was promised to the Jews by God.

In the 1880s, the community of Palestinian Jews, known as the Yishuv, amounted to three percent of the total population. In contrast to the Zionist Jews who would arrive in Palestine later, the original Yishuv did not aspire to build a modern Jewish state in Palestine.


After the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire (1517-1914), the British occupied Palestine as part of the secret Sykes-Picot treaty of 1916 between Britain and France to divvy up the Middle East for imperial interests.


In 1917, before the start of the British Mandate (1920-1947), the British issued the Balfour Declaration, promising to help the “establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people”, essentially vowing to give away a country that was not theirs to give.

---

READ MORE: How Britain Destroyed the Palestinian Homeland

---

Central to the pledge was Chaim Weizmann, a Britain-based Russian Zionist leader and chemist whose contributions to the British war effort during World War I (1914-1918) made him well-connected to the upper echelons of the British government. Weizmann lobbied hard for more than two years with British former Prime Minister David Lloyd-George and former Foreign Minister Arthur Balfour to publicly commit Britain to building a homeland for the Jews in Palestine.


By giving their support to Zionist goals in Palestine, the British hoped they could shore up support among the significant Jewish populations in the US and Russia for the Allied effort during WWI. They also believed the Balfour Declaration would secure their control over Palestine after the war.


From 1919 onwards, Zionist immigration to Palestine, facilitated by the British, increased dramatically. Weizmann, who later became Israel’s first president, was realising his dream of making Palestine “as Jewish as England is English”.

European Jews arrive from the Nazi holocaust wave into the Palestinian Arab city of Haifa, five weeks before Israel is declared a state [Reuters]

Between 1922 and 1935, the Jewish population rose from nine percent to nearly 27 percent of the total population, displacing tens of thousands of Palestinian tenants from their lands as Zionists bought land from absentee landlords.


Leading Arab and Palestinian intellectuals openly warned against the motifs of the Zionist movement in the press as early as 1908. With the Nazi seizure of power in Germany between 1933 and 1936, 30,000 to 60,000 European Jews arrived on the shores of Palestine.


In 1936, Palestinian Arabs launched a large-scale uprising against the British and their support for Zionist settler-colonialism, known as the Arab Revolt. The British authorities crushed the revolt, which lasted until 1939, violently; they destroyed at least 2,000 Palestinian homes, put 9,000 Palestinians in concentration camps and subjected them to violent interrogation, including torture, and deported 200 Palestinian nationalist leaders.


At least ten percent of the Palestinian male population had been killed, wounded, exiled or imprisoned by the end of the revolt.

The British government, worried about the eruption of violence between the Palestinians and Zionists, tried to curtail at several points immigration of European Jews. Zionist lobbyists in London overturned their efforts.


In 1944, several Zionist armed groups declared war on Britain for trying to put limits on Jewish immigration to Palestine at a time when Jews were fleeing the Holocaust. The Zionist paramilitary organisations launched a number of attacks against the British – the most notable of which was the King David Hotel bombing in 1946 where the British administrative headquarters were housed; 91 people were killed in the attack.


In early 1947, the British government announced it would be handing over the disaster it had created in Palestine to the United Nations and ending its colonial project there. On November 29, 1947, the UN adopted Resolution 181, recommending the partition of Palestine into Jewish and Arab states.


At the time, the Jews in Palestine constituted one third of the population and owned less than six percent of the total land area. Under the UN partition plan, they were allocated 55 percent of the land, encompassing many of the main cities with Palestinian Arab majorities and the important coastline from Haifa to Jaffa. The Arab state would be deprived of key agricultural lands and seaports, which led the Palestinians to reject the proposal.


Shortly following the UN Resolution 181, war broke out between the Palestinian Arabs and Zionist armed groups, who, unlike the Palestinians, had gained extensive training and arms from fighting alongside Britain in World War II.


Zionist paramilitary groups launched a vicious process of ethnic cleansing in the form of large-scale attacks aimed at the mass expulsion of Palestinians from their towns and villages to build the Jewish state, which culminated in the Nakba.


While some Zionist thinkers claim there is no proof of a systematic master plan for the expulsion of Palestinians for the creation of the Jewish state, and that their dispossession was an unintended result of war, the presence of a Palestinian Arab majority in what Zionist leaders envisioned as a future state meant the Nakba was inevitable.

Why do Palestinians commemorate the Nakba on May 15?​

The British occupation authorities had announced that they would be ending their mandate in Palestine on the eve of May 15, 1948. Eight hours earlier, David Ben-Gurion, who became Israel’s first prime minister, announced what the Zionist leaders called a declaration of independence in Tel Aviv.


The British Mandate ended at midnight, and on May 15, the Israeli state came into being.

David Ben Gurion, centre, a Polish Jew, reads out what Israel called a declaration of independence on May 14, 1948. A photo of Herzl hangs in the backdrop [Reuters]

Palestinians commemorated their national tragedy of losing a homeland in an unofficial way for decades, but in 1998, the former President of the Palestinian Authority, Yasser Arafat, declared May 15 a national day of remembrance, on the 50th year since the Nakba.


Israel celebrates the day as its day of independence.


[Continued below, hit the character limit]

So to clarify DS, are you saying that since 1948:

- there are 7.98 million Palestinian refugees and internally displaced persons who have not been able to return to their original homes and villages.
- some one million Palestinians have been arrested by Israel
- some 100,000 Palestinian homes have been demolished
- more than three million Palestinians living in the occupied West Bank and East Jerusalem face home demolitions, arbitrary arrests, and displacement as Israel expands the 100-plus Jewish-only colonies and steals Palestinian land to do so.

But some are saying that this conflict started on 7/10/2023??

FMD

 

[Willo]

So to clarify DS, are you saying that since 1948:

- there are 7.98 million Palestinian refugees and internally displaced persons who have not been able to return to their original homes and villages.

No that’s not correct. False information. They are counting all the descendants of the original refugees. 95% of whom have never lived in Israel on land they say was stolen.
The false narrative that David posted, (As per site rules) doesn’t mention hundreds of thousands left on the advice of the invading Arab armies in 1948.
Or the land that was legally purchased.
It doesn’t count the number of tenant farmers that didn’t own the land they worked on.

But some are saying that this conflict started on 7/10/2023??

Who has ever said this conflict started then Nico? I’ve yet to read that anywhere, either on PRE or in any external media.
This invasion of Gaza was a response to Hamas cowardly attack and murder and kidnapping on October 7th

Most know the conflict between arabs and Jews actually stared in one way or another before the start of the 20th century. Then culminated during WW1 when the Ottoman Empire was overthrown, Then the Balfour Declaration circa 1917, the Peel Commission Reort in the 1930’s, the Un Resolution of 1947 that divided the land between; Israel and Palestine. Skirmishes, killings etc between both were commonplace during all that time.
Then when Israel was declared a state. The next day all those Arab countries invaded Israel. Just a coincidence they all attacked at the same time.
And since then, the 1967 and 1973 invasions.
So yes, it’s been going on for decades and decades

Take a lot of this article with a grain of salt Nico.

Now David..

I’m guessing this article was from Al Jazeera or one of the Pro Palestinian Anti Israel publications David. Is that where it’s from.?
Where is the link to the article so we know where it originated as per site rules? Don’t want to include that so people know the bias with which it’s been written.
I’m sure I could find plenty of articles that are as one eyed, biased and do the same for Israel to justify its actions. But this has been done to death by now. And I won’t fall for David usual little ploy.

David likes to be a provocateur, tells lies just to get posters arguing then sits back and laughs. He’s been caught out many times doing the same thing.
Why would he even bother posting this now? Especially since he says he gets bored reading articles in the mainstream media. Old David, once again telling porkies and being a hypocrite.


I think in the main, people are just wanting the hostages released and a ceasefire to take place. It has to start somewhere.

 

[K3]

So to clarify DS, are you saying that since 1948:

- there are 7.98 million Palestinian refugees and internally displaced persons who have not been able to return to their original homes and villages.
- some one million Palestinians have been arrested by Israel
- some 100,000 Palestinian homes have been demolished
- more than three million Palestinians living in the occupied West Bank and East Jerusalem face home demolitions, arbitrary arrests, and displacement as Israel expands the 100-plus Jewish-only colonies and steals Palestinian land to do so.

But some are saying that this conflict started on 7/10/2023??

FMD

The thing it, it isn't David saying, it is well-researched, if Palestinian's cause leaning journalist who is saying it.

And I hope no-one is falling for Israel's efforts at discrediting Al Jazeera. This is one of the most transparent efforts at curtailing truthful reporting in recent memory.

 

[Willo]

The thing it, it isn't David saying, it is well-researched, if Palestinian's cause leaning journalist who is saying it.

And I hope no-one is falling for Israel's efforts at discrediting Al Jazeera. This is one of the most transparent efforts at curtailing truthful reporting in recent memory.

David posted it for his usual reason. To get some posters backs up and provoke a response.

No it’s not. It’s an opinion piece by an Al Jazeera opinion writer. Of course they’re going to slant any article to favour the Palestinians and depic5 Israel in the worst possible light. They know their audience. Basic newspapering 101.
You might want to get a balance of opinions from an Israeli Jewish writer from the Tel Aviv Advertiser. Just to provide balance and context.

There were never 7.98 million refugees and there still aren’t.
Research how many Arabs left the new state of Israel .
How many left on accord of the advice from the invading Arab armies?
How many owned the land they were farming?
How many were tenant farmers?
How many were actually displaced involuntarily?
You’d be surprised at the numbers

6he numbers they’re now using are 4 generations or more of descendants. They have never lived on any of that land. Most, if not the absolute majority were born in Gaza, the WB, Jordan or Lebanon.
The original refugees were from 76 years ago. If they were 10 years old or under they would be 77 to 85 years old. Simple maths.

 

[DavidSSS]

I posted the article because it is a good background to the current situation.

Then I get accused of being a liar and provocateur by Willo? Oh please, that is truly pathetic. The Zionist mouthpiece who posts article after article gets upset when I post a couple of articles?

There is a reason why so many Palestinians weren't born in Palestine, and that is because they got thrown out of their own country decades ago. You really do like making my arguments for me don't you?

DS

 

[DavidSSS]

Seems we need some more history, this one is for those who think the Palestinians didn't resist colonial rule by the Brits and left of their own accord when Israel was established in what was Palestine.

Israel’s Brutality Draws on British Rule​

Israel’s present use of collective punishment against Palestinians owes much of its origins to British rule in Palestine.


So too do the aerial bombardments, military raids, use of Palestinian civilians as human shields and the infrastructure of military law deployed against an occupied, overwhelmingly civilian population.


Britain ruled Palestine during its “mandate” between 1920-48, and its repressive infrastructure came into full force during the 1936-39 Great Arab Revolt.


In 1936, Palestine erupted into a national uprising following two decades of peaceful resistance against British rule and several failed uprisings over the 1920s, as the political and economic situation became dire for the Arab majority.


The uprising called for an end to British support for Zionist colonisation and a guarantee of Palestinian self-determination. Britain, however, saw it as a threat to its rule and responded with brutal repression.


By the end of the revolt, 10 percent of the adult male Arab population were either killed, wounded, imprisoned or exiled by the British.


This brought the revolt to an end, devastated Palestinian society and left it defenceless against Zionist militia groups during the 1948 Nakba (catastrophe). Then, over two-thirds of the Palestinian people were ethnically cleansed from their country to establish the state of Israel.


Palestinian historian Rashid Khalidi has argued that the armed suppression of Arab resistance during the revolt was among the most valuable services Britain provided to the Zionist movement.


Martial Law

Palestine resistance fighters against the British mandate, 1936. (PLO Collection, Institute for Palestine Studies, Wikimedia Commons, Public domain)

To crush the revolt, Britain brought Palestine under martial law, building on counterinsurgency tactics it had refined in other colonies like Ireland and India.


As historian Matthew Hughes explains, in response to the 1936 uprising, British authorities renewed local laws enacted during the 1920s, referring to them as “emergency laws”, to impose collective punishment against Palestinians.


This allowed the mandate government to impose curfews, censor written materials, occupy buildings, as well as arrest, imprison and deport individuals without trial while suspending the right to counsel, policies Israel still enforces against Palestinians today.


Far from distinguishing between armed rebels and civilians, Britain enforced collective punishment against the entire population. Mining the declassified files, David Cronin describes how “Britain’s elite decided early on that Palestinians should be targeted en masse”.


By 1937, Palestine was under effective military rule. During the mandate period, Britain had put in place a legal system which was designed to prevent Palestinian political organising while also giving itself broad powers.


Camps & Prisons

Israeli prison camp at Sarafand, November 1948. (Palmach archive Yiftach 1st Battalion D company Volume 2 album, Wikimedia Commons, Public domain)

British military rule turned large parts of the country into prisons. Military law made it possible to hand out swift sentences, meaning large-scale detentions of peasants and urban workers.


Detainees were held, often without trial, in extremely overcrowded camps with inadequate sanitation. In May 1939, answering a parliamentary question, colonial secretary Malcolm MacDonald confirmed that there were 13 detention camps in Palestine housing 4,816 people.


This included several concentration camps (as Britain itself referred to them) like Sarafand al-Amar, located at the largest military base in Palestine, which held thousands of prisoners.


Other camps included Nur Shams, near Tulkarem, and Acre prison on the Mediterranean coast which also hosted Palestine’s largest prison.


At one point the overcrowding was so bad it became necessary to release veteran detainees whenever new ones were arrested. In 1939 the number of detainees rose to over 9,000, 10 times the figure of two years previously.


According to Palestinian prisoner rights group, Addameer, at least six of the major Israeli prison and detention centres today were built during the mandate era. These include Kishon, Damon, Ramleh, Ashkelon, Megiddo and Al-Moscobiyeh (the Russian Compound) which are still used by Israel to imprison Palestinians.


Administrative Detention

Palestinian Youth Accord for Prisoners rally in Gaza support of Palestinian administrative detainees on a mass hunger strike, May 12, 2014. (Joe Catron, Flickr, CC BY-NC 2.0)

In November 2023, following a four-day humanitarian “pause” between Israel and Hamas, the Israeli government released hundreds of Palestinian prisoners. This shone a spotlight for Western audiences on the fact that thousands of Palestinians are regularly imprisoned today in Israeli jails.


What drew most attention was that so many of them, including children, were held under the policy of administrative detention, an unlawful process that allows Israel to hold detainees without charge or trial.


However, Israel appears to have inherited the practice from the British, who regularly detained thousands of Palestinians without trial. Following its establishment in 1948, Israel has practised detention without trial as a staple of military rule.


After the end of the revolt in 1939, Britain strengthened the powers of the mandate administration and in 1945 introduced the Defence (Emergency) Regulations. Ironically, this was in response to violence carried out by Zionist paramilitary groups at that time.


Israel incorporated these regulations and most other British mandate laws into the Israeli Law and Administration Ordinance of 1948. It used them against Palestinians inside Israel between 1948-66 and then extended them to Palestinians in the occupied territories of the West Bank and Gaza in 1967.


These laws would be used repeatedly in response to popular uprisings thereafter, this time against Israeli rule.


A 1989 report by Palestinian human rights organisation Al-Haq describes how Israeli commanders issued a proclamation in 1967 affirming that the Defence (Emergency) Regulations were to remain in force.


Even though they had been terminated by Britain at the end of its mandate, Israeli leaders kept and continued to use them against Palestinians.


In 2019, Human Rights Watch highlighted eight cases where Israeli authorities used military orders to “prosecute Palestinians in military courts for their peaceful expression or involvement in non-violent groups or demonstrations” using, among other measures, the Defence (Emergency) Regulations of 1945 inherited from Britain.


Charles Tegart’s Fence

“Tegart’s Wall”, actually a barbed wire fence, Palestine 1938–1940. (Map prepared for the Survey of Palestine, 1944, Wikimedia Commons, Public domain)

To fight the 1930s revolt, Britain sent Sir Charles Tegart, who had previously headed the police force in colonial India, to Palestine where he built much of the infrastructure used to intern suspects. Tegart built so-called Arab Investigation Centres which were used as torture chambers.


He established a special centre in Jerusalem to train interrogators in torture where suspects underwent brutal questioning, involving humiliation, beatings, and physical mistreatment.


Colonial administrator Edward Keith-Roach recounted in his memoirs that the purpose of these centres was to train police officers “in the gentle art of ‘third degree’” for use on Arabs until they “spilled the beans”.


Israeli historian Tom Segev describes how Tegart “built dozens of police fortresses around the country and put up concrete guard posts, which the British called pillboxes, along the roads”.

Tegart Fort at Kibbutz Sasa, Upper Galile, Israel, 2010. (Ranbar, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0)

Tegart’s best-known recommendation was that a huge fence be erected along Palestine’s northern border, which came to be known as “Tegart’s fence”.


To construct it, he enlisted the help of the Jewish Agency, the main organisation encouraging Jewish settlement to Palestine. The contract to build it was awarded to construction company Solel Boneh which was a project of the Histadrut, the leading Zionist trade union in Palestine and Israel’s national trade union today.


Solel Boneh also built the new police buildings, popularly known as the “Tegart Fortresses”. A 2012 BBC profile on Tegart describes how many of them are still used today.


Located mainly in the north of the country they are now situated near the Israeli border with Lebanon but instead of British troops, they are manned by Israeli soldiers.

[Another long article, 2 parter again, lot of history to get through]

 

[DavidSSS]

Military Tactics


Britain used both ground troops and air power through the Royal Air Force against Palestinian rebels during 1936-39. Following the termination of the Munich Agreement made by Britain with Nazi Germany in 1938, Britain sent over 100,000 troops to Palestine, flooding the country with soldiers.


On May 7, 1936, the high commissioner for Palestine, Arthur Wauchope, sought “general covering approval” from the Colonial Office to impose collective punishment on cities and towns where acts of disobedience occurred.


He promptly received the go-ahead and chose Nazareth, Safed and Bisan to be penalised.


In June 1936, British forces destroyed large parts of the Old City of Jaffa. The army blew up between 220 and 240 multi-occupancy buildings, rendering up to 6,000 Palestinians homeless.

Palestinians in Jaffa in the 1920s. (Frank Scholten, Wikimedia Commons, Public domain)

While the level of destruction then seems small in comparison to the massive Israeli bombardment in Gaza today, the use of disproportionate force and collective punishment during a military operation felt mainly by civilians is not new to Palestine.


After crushing the general strike that had been declared by the newly formed Arab Higher Committee, with many of the key figures involved imprisoned or exiled, the second phase of the revolt from 1937 saw a large armed uprising sweep through most of the country, reaching its peak in 1938.


To combat this, British forces would take their repression to Palestine’s rural countryside where most of the armed groups were.


Village Raids


To hunt down and eliminate those involved in the uprising, the British regularly cordoned off entire villages, followed by deadly raids. British troops would ransack homes, often destroying property, in search of rebel fighters or weapons.


Palestinian men found with weapons or even bullets were shot dead. Many were killed without any evidence of involvement in military activities.


During raids, British soldiers would often round up the inhabitants and imprison them in open-air pens with barbed wire. Villages would be collectively fined for attacks against British soldiers if the attacker was believed to hail from, or live near, the village in question.


In addition, the homes of suspected attackers and their relatives were demolished, a policy which Israel uses against convicted, or suspected, Palestinian militants today.


Two villages subjected to abuses were al-Bassa and Halhul, which both became the subject of a 2022 BBC report, following a petition from survivors calling for official recognition and an apology from the British government.


This report found that “the historical evidence involved includes details of arbitrary killings, torture, the use of human shields and the introduction of home demolitions as collective punishment.”


It added: “Much of it was conducted within formal policy guidelines for UK forces at the time or with the consent of senior officers.”


Israeli military raids into Palestinians villages in the West Bank are a daily part of life and have escalated since Oct. 7, 2023.


Human Shields

British soldiers on an armoured train car with two Palestinian Arab hostages used as human shields, 1936. (Chaim Kahanov and Zecharia Oryon, Jewish Settlement Police, Wikimedia Commons, Public domain)

Another tactic Britain used was to force Palestinian civilians to accompany them on patrols. They were made to sit, unprotected, at the front of military convoys while driving through areas with high rebel activity and even to drive over mines to blow them up before British troops proceeded.


This tactic had come from British rule in India and was known as “minesweeping”. Many Palestinians were killed or seriously injured this way.


Britain effectively used Palestinian civilians as human shields, which Israeli forces have been filmed doing repeatedly in both the West Bank and in Gaza for years.


In December 2023, two Palestinians, a 15-year-old boy and a 30-year-old man in Gaza, claim they were used as human shields by Israeli soldiers, the boy saying they strapped him with bombs before forcing him into a tunnel. In Israel’s 2014 assault against Gaza, similar allegations were made.


In the West Bank there have been numerous videos showing Israeli soldiers taking Palestinian civilians and forcing them to sit or stand blindfolded in front of Israeli vehicles as they conduct operations.


In some cases, they have even placed civilians onto the front of those vehicles to deter other Palestinians from throwing rocks at invading Israeli forces, just like Britain did during the revolt.


This historical context is especially important to understand now, as Israel has for years accused Palestinian groups like Hamas of using civilians as human shields.


Despite there being little evidence to support this claim (and that the available evidence actually shows Israeli forces doing it themselves) the key historical context is that British troops used it against Palestinian civilians during the Great Revolt.


Orde Wingate & Special Night Squads

Brigadier Orde Wingate in India in 1943. (No 9 Army Film and Photographic Unit, Wikimedia Commons, Public domain)

The most explicit case of British-Zionist collaboration in repressing the revolt came with the entry into Palestine of the British general Orde Charles Wingate and his creation of the Special Night Squads (SNS).


Wingate, an intelligence officer and committed Christian Zionist, was tasked by the British Army with training Jewish fighters to patrol the Iraq Petroleum Company’s pipeline.


With the SNS, he created his own private militia drawn from recruits within the Haganah, the Zionist military organisation, training them in ambush and assassination tactics.


Describing himself as a firm believer in Zionism, Wingate reportedly told his men that “the Arabs think the night is theirs. The British lock themselves up in their barracks at night. But we, the Jews, will teach them to fear the night more than the day”.


Together with Yitzhak Sadeh, commander of the Palmach, the main strike force of the Haganah, and future founder of the Israeli Defense Force (IDF), Wingate took the SNS on nightly raids against Palestinian villages.


After attacks against the pipeline occurred, his Night Squads would invade nearby villages at dawn, rounding up all the male inhabitants. Forcing them to stand against the wall, the squads then whipped the men’s bare backs.


At times, Wingate would humiliate the villagers, other times he shot them dead. According to Segev, the men under his command said behind his back they thought he was mad.


Israeli military historian Ze’ev Schiff argued that Wingate “left his mark as the single most important influence on the military thinking of the Haganah”.


A lexicon issued by the Israeli Ministry of Defense many years after his death states:

“The teaching of Orde Charles Wingate, his character and leadership were a cornerstone for many of the Haganah’s commanders, and his influence can be seen in the Israel Defense Force’s combat doctrine.”

Two of Israel’s leading future commanders both served under Wingate in the SNS: Moshe Dayan, who became the IDF’s chief of staff and Yigal Allon, a future IDF general and foreign minister.


Dayan said Wingate “taught us everything we know” and that “even when nothing happened, we learned much from Wingate’s instruction”.


Allon described how “by attaching Jewish fighters to his units, he [Wingate] also helped to provide facilities for practical training… He regarded himself, in practice, as a member of the Haganah and that was how we all saw him – as the comrade and, as we called him, ‘the Friend’.”


Major General Bernard Montgomery

General Bernard L. Montgomery watching a tank movement in North Africa, November 1942. (Wikimedia Commons, Public domain)

After Wingate, the most notorious British military figure in Palestine during the revolt was Bernard Montgomery. “Monty”, as he was known, was a short-tempered, old-fashioned soldier who rejected any suggestion that the revolt was a national uprising, instead describing the rebels as “bandits”.


He introduced the Bren gun to Palestine, replacing the old Lewis submachine gun the British had been using and gave his men simple instructions on how to deal with the rebels: kill them.


Having previously served in Ireland, launching operations against Irish rebels in 1921, he often made comparisons between the two colonies.


Montgomery was preoccupied with how Britain had lost control of most of Ireland. He thought too many concessions had been made to Sinn Fein. Therefore, his conclusions for Palestine were that Britain should suppress any expression of national identity.


He ordered any Arab caught wearing the chequered headscarf (the Keffiyeh) to be “caged”. He also floated the idea of chaining people’s legs as punishment.


Since Israel’s own military occupation of 1967 began, authorities there have repeatedly waged campaigns against Palestinian national symbols. The Palestinian flag has been targeted across the West Bank, Jerusalem and inside Israel itself and is regularly removed from public view and confiscated.


Much like the British during the revolt, Israeli authorities see Palestinian national identity as a threat and work to stamp it out.


DS

 

[Willo]

I posted the article because it is a good background to the current situation.

If no one knew what the background is they shouldn’t be posting on here until they do some research

Then I get accused of being a liar and provocateur by Willo? Oh please, that is truly pathetic.

You’ve been caught out lying on this thread numerous times. Your last lot of posts was only to stir the pot between sin and myself. And you know it. So don’t come the self righteous one.

The Zionist mouthpiece who posts article after article gets upset when I post a couple of articles?

The non apologist, you were the one who had a shot at me for posting articles, did you not?

There is a reason why so many Palestinians weren't born in Palestine, and that is because they got thrown out of their own country decades ago. You really do like making my arguments for me don't you?

Correcting you false view of history you mean. You don’t make any arguments. Just trot out the same line.
The great, great, great grandparent had left by one means or another as I posted above.
The many millions that were born elsewhere aren’t the original refugees like you make them out to be.
Most still live in the land they were born in. That doesn’t make them refugees. 4 or 5 generations down from the original refugees.

DS

 

[Willo]

No pretty coloured pictures, just some figures to counter David’s biased view of history taking in only one sides tactics

This is a list of killings and massacres committed in Mandatory Palestine. It is restricted to incidents in which at least three people were deliberately killed. This list does not include unlawful deaths due to criminal activity. It includes all casualties that resulted from the initial attack on civilians or non-combat military personnel.

Note: The designation "responsible party" below refers to those believed to be the principal instigators of the violence. Where culpability is disputed or ambiguous, the sources cited support the chosen designation.

Individual massacres during the 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine are listed below. In total, during the course of these events, between September 27, 1937 – 1939, 5,000 Arabs, 415 Jews and several hundred Britons were killed.[1][page needed]

List of killings and massacres committed in Mandate Palestine​

Name	Date	Responsible party	Fatalities	notes
Battle of Tel Hai	March 1, 1920	Arabs	13	8 Jews,[1] 5 Arabs killed[2] Armed Arabs were looking for French soldiers, and Jews mounted armed resistance.
Nebi Musa riots	April 4–7, 1920	Arabs	9	5 Jews, 4 Arabs killed; 216 Jews, 18 Arabs, 7 Britons wounded[1][3][4] Started by inflammatory language at an Arab rally. Origin of violence uncertain, but a witness reported stone throwing by Arabs.
Jaffa riots	May 1–7, 1921	Arabs	95	48 Arabs, 47 Jews killed; 140 Jews, 73 Arabs wounded.[5] Began as a fight between two Jewish groups. Arabs joined in because they thought they were being attacked.
Palestine riots of 1929	August 23–29, 1929	Arabs	249	133 Jews, 116 Arabs killed; 339 Jews, 232 Arabs wounded;[1][3][6][7][8] includes the Hebron massacre (67 Jews killed; 58 Jews wounded and a massacre in Safed (18–20 Jews killed; 80 Jews wounded[8]) Mostly violence by Arabs against Jews; most Arabs killed by Mandate police. Thought triggered by a recent Jewish demonstration.
Black Hand killings at Kibbutz Yagur[9]	April 11, 1931	Syrian/Palestinian armed group	3	3 jews at Kibbutz Yagur
1931-1932 attacks of the Black Hand[9]	1931-1932	Syrian/Palestinian armed group	6	6 jews
1933 Palestine riots in Jaffa [10]	October 27, 1933	British police, Arab rioters	16	1 Arab policeman, 15 Arab demonstrators shot by British forces, 1 Arab child hit by a stray bullet.[10]
1933 Palestine riots in Haifa [10]	October 27–28, 1933	British police	4	4 Palestinian rioters killed, 1 policeman stabbed, 3 Palestinian rioters wounded, 5 Jewish civilians injured by rioters, 4 of them seriously.
Jaffa riots (April 1936)	April 19–20, 1936	Arabs	21	9 Jews killed, 40 Jews wounded (11 critically) in Arab attack in Jaffa. Police killed two attackers. Further 7 Jews and 3 Arabs killed the next day[11][12][13]
Arab General Strike	April 20 – October 12, 1936	Arabs,British authorities	314	197 Arabs killed and 823 wounded, 80 Jews killed and 300 wounded, 37 military and police killed and 95 wounded.[14]
NA	August 13, 1937	Arabs	4	4 members of a Jewish family, 3 children, shot dead by Arabs who broke into their home in Safed[15]
NA	November 9, 1937	Arabs	5	5 Jewish Keren Kayemet workers killed near Har Haruach by an Arab ambush. Ma'ale HaHamishawas named in their honor.[16]
N/A	March 28, 1938	Arabs	6	6 Jewish passengers killed by Arabs while traveling from Haifa to Safed.
N/A	August 16, 1938	Arabs	3	A Jewish family was kidnapped by Arabs in Atlit. 3 killed.[17][18]
1938 Tiberias pogrom	October 2, 1938	Arabs	19	19 Jews were killed.[19]
N/A	February 27, 1939	Jewish militants (Irgun)	33	33 Arabs were killed in multiple attacks, incl. 24 by bomb in Arab market in Suk Quarter of Haifa and 4 by bomb in Arab vegetable market in Jerusalem.[20]
N/A	June 2, 1939	Jewish militants (Irgun)	5	5 Arabs were killed by a bomb at the Jaffa Gatein Jerusalem.[21][22]
N/A	June 19, 1939	Jewish Militants (Irgun)	20	20 Arabs were killed by explosives mounted on a donkey at a marketplace in Haifa.[21][23]
Italian Bombing of Tel Aviv	September 9, 1940	Italian Air Force	137	130 Jews and 7 Arabs killed in a bombing run.[24]
Italian Bombing of Tel Aviv	June 11, 1941	Italian Air Force	20	20 Jews killed in Tel Aviv during Italian air raid [25]
N/A	November 1, 1945	Jewish militants (Irgun)	4	5 locomotives destroyed in Lydda station. Two staff, one soldier and one policeman killed. One of the bombers, Yehiel Dresner, was later executed for other crimes.[26]
King David Hotel bombing	July 22, 1946	Jewish militants (Irgun)	91	91 killed, including 41 Arabs, 28 Britons, and 17 Jews; 40-45 wounded[27][28]
Fajja bus attacks	November 30, 1947	Arab militants	7	7 Jews killed in two incidents by gunfire[29]
1947 Jerusalem riots	December 2, 1947	Arabs	14	8 Jews Reported Killed[30][31]
al-Tira	December 12, 1947	Jewish militants	13	13 Arabs killed, 10 wounded[32][33]
N/A	December 12, 1947	Jewish militants (Irgun)	20	20 killed, 5 wounded by barrel bomb at Damascus Gate.[34]
N/A	December 13, 1947	Jewish militants (Irgun)	16	16 Arabs killed; 67 Arabs wounded from bombings in Jerusalem and Jaffa; Irgun also burns down 100 Arab homes in Jaffa[1]

 

[Willo]

N/A	December 16, 1947	Jewish militants (Irgun)	10	10 killed by bomb at Noga Cinema in Jaffa.[35]
al-Khisas massacre	December 18, 1947	Jewish militants (Haganah)	10	10 Arabs killed[1]
N/A	December 24, 1947	Arab snipers	8	4 Jews killed in Haifa by snipers, 4 Arabs killed in reprisals[1]
N/A	December 26, 1947	Arab militants	7	7 Jews killed while driving in convoy to Jerusalem[1]
N/A	December 28, 1947	Arab Snipers	10	5 Jews killed in Bab el Wad by snipers, 5 Arabs killed in reprisals[1]
N/A	December 29, 1947	Arab militants	17	4 Jews killed in Tel Aviv from mortar and sniper fire, 13 Arabs killed in Jerusalem in Irgun bombing[1][36]
Bomb thrown on Damascus Gate Café in Jerusalem	December 29, 1947	Jewish militants (Irgun)	13	11 Arabs, 2 Britons killed[1][37] Uri Milsteinreported 15 casualties from the bombing in the Palestine Post.[38]
Haifa Oil Refinery massacre	December 30, 1947	Arabs	39	Arabs beat 39 Jews to death and injured 49 after an Irgun bombing which killed 6[1]
Balad al-Shaykh massacre	January 1, 1948	Jewish militants (Palmach)	50	17–70 Arabs killed in Haifa[1]
N/A	January 3, 1948	Arab militants	4	3 Jews, 1 Briton killed in Jerusalem[1]
Bombing of Arab National Committee HQ	January 4, 1948	Jewish militants (Stern Gang)	14	14 Arabs killed; 100 Arabs wounded[37]
Semiramis Hotel bombing	January 5, 1948	Jewish militants (Haganah)	20	20 Arabs killed in Jerusalem[39]
N/A	January 5, 1948	Jewish militants (Irgun)	14	14 Arabs killed and 19 injured by truck bomb outside the 3-storey 'Serrani', Jaffa's built Ottoman Town Hall[40]
N/A	January 5, 1948	Arabs, Jews	4	4 Arabs killed after attacking Jewish quarter in Safed[1]
Jaffa Gatebombing in Jerusalem	January 7, 1948	Jewish militants (Irgun)	18	15–20 Arabs killed[1][41]
N/A	January 10, 1948	Arab militants	11	11 Jews killed, 1 decapitated near Yavne[1]
N/A	January 14, 1948	Arab militants	7	7 Jews, 2 Britons killed in Haifa[1]
Convoy of 35	January 15, 1948	Arab militants	35	35 Jewish militants going to resupply blockaded kibbutzim at Gush Etzion attacked near Hebronby Arab militants.[42][1] It is known that the Jewish militants fought back, but there is little of Arab casualties.
N/A	January 20, 1948	Arab militants	8	8 Jews killed in Yehiam[1]
N/A	January 22, 1948	Arab militants	7	7 Jews killed near Yazur[1]
N/A	January 25, 1948	Arab militants	10	10 Jews killed[1]
N/A	January 27, 1948	British soldiers	4	4 Arabs killed in Gaza[1]
N/A	February 3, 1948	Arab militants	6	6 Jews killed while riding buses in Haifa[1]
N/A	February 7, 1948	Arabs, Jews	6	3 Arabs, 3 Jews killed in Haifa[1]
N/A	February 8, 1948	Arabs	6	6 Jews killed in Jerusalem[1]
N/A	February 8, 1948	Arab militants	3	3 Jews killed in Tel Aviv[1]
N/A	February 10, 1948	Jewish militants (Irgun)	7	7 Arabs killed near Ras el Ain after selling cows in Tel Aviv[43]
N/A	February 12, 1948	Arabs	4	4 Jews killed in Jerusalem[1]
N/A	February 15, 1948	Arab militants, Jewish militants	8	5 Arabs, 3 Jews killed[1]
Sa'sa'village ambush in the Safaddistrict	February 14, 1948	Jewish militants (Palmach)	11-60	Reports vary from 11 Arabs killed,[44] to 60 Arabs killed.[45] Reported to be revenge for Convoy of 35.
N/A	February 17, 1948	Arab militants, Jewish militants	8	5 Arabs, 3 Jews killed[1]
N/A	February 17, 1948	Jewish settlers	57	57 Arabs killed while taking part in attack on Jewish settlements Tirat Tzvi, Sde Eliahu, Ein HaNatziv[1]
Ramlavegetable market bombing	February 18, 1948	Jewish militants (Irgun)	12	12 killed, 43 wounded[46]
N/A	February 19, 1948	Arab militants	4	4 Jews killed while riding buses in Haifa[1]
N/A	February 21, 1948	Jewish militants	4	4 Arabs killed in Haifa[1]
Ben Yehuda Street bombing	February 22, 1948	Arab militants, British deserters	55	55 Jews killed[1]
N/A	February 25, 1948	Arab militants	3	3 Jews killed on road between Ramle and Tel Aviv[1]
N/A	February 28, 1948	Arab militants	7	6 Arabs, 1 Jew killed during attack on Jewish village Kfar Sava[1]
N/A	February 18, 1948	Arab militants	4	4 Arabs killed while participating in attack on Jewish settlement Mitzpe[1]
Rehovot Train bombing	March 1, 1948	Jewish militants	28	28 Britons killed[1]
Bevingrad Officers Club bombing	March 1, 1948	Jewish militants (Irgun)	20	20 Britons killed; 30 Britons wounded[3]
N/A	March 1, 1948	Arab militants	4	4 Jews killed on Tel Aviv-Jerusalem road[1]
N/A	March 2, 1948	Arab militants	13	10 Arabs, 3 Jews killed during Arab attack on Tel Aviv-Jerusalem road[47]
N/A	March 3, 1948	Jewish militants (Stern gang)	11	Car bombing in Haifa killed 11 Arabs[48]
N/A	March 4, 1948	Arab militants	16	16 Jews killed on Jerusalem-Atarot road[1]
N/A	March 9, 1948	Arab militants	3	3 Arabs killed while attacking a Jewish settlement Yehiam[1]
N/A	March 11, 1948	Jews, Arabs	5	4 Arabs, 1 Jew killed in Tiberias[1]
Jewish Agencybombing	March 11, 1948	Arab militants	13	13 Jews killed[1]
N/A	March 14, 1948	Arab militants	7	7 Jews killed near Faluja[1]
N/A

 

[Willo]

March 14, 1948	Jews, Arabs	5	4 Arabs, 1 Jew killed in Tiberias[1]
N/A	March 18, 1948	Arab militants	9	5 Britons, 4 Jews killed in convoy near Acre[1]
N/A	March 20, 1948	Arabs	7	7 Jews killed at Ein Harod[1]
N/A	March 21, 1948	Arabs	6	6 Jews killed on Rosh Pinna-Safed road[1]
N/A	March 22, 1948	Arab militants	24	4 Jews, 20 Arabs during attack on Jewish settlement Nitzanim[1]
N/A	March 24, 1948	Jewish militants	36	36 Arabs killed near Tulkarem[1]
N/A	March 26, 1948	Arab militants	8	6 Arabs, 2 Jews killed in attack on Jewish convoy near Gaza[1]
N/A	March 28, 1948	Arab militants	6	6 Arabs killed while participating in attack on Jewish convoy near Rehovot[1]
N/A	March 30, 1948	Arab militants	10	8 Jews and 2 British killed while fleeing from Jaffa[1]
Cairo-Haifa train bombing	March 31, 1948	Jewish militants (Lehi)	40	40 Arabs killed; 60 Arabs wounded[1]
Massacre in an orange grove in Lydda	April 1, 1948	Jewish militias	11	11 Arab laborers killed[49]
NA	April 5, 1948	Jewish militants (Haganah)	10	10 Iraqis killed by Jewish militants in Lydda.[50]
Deir Yassin massacre	April 9, 1948	Jewish militants (Irgun)	107	100-254 Arabs killed[51][52][53]
Hadassah medical convoy massacre	April 13, 1948	Arab militants	79	78 Jews (nurses, doctors, and patients) and one British soldier killed[54][55]
Ein al Zeitun massacre	May 3, 1948	Jewish militants (Palmach)	55	37–70 Arab prisoners
Kfar Etzion massacre	May 13, 1948	Arab militants and Arab Legion	129	127–157 Jews killed[1]
Abu Shusha	May 14, 1948

List of killings and massacres in Mandatory Palestine - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

 

[Willo]

Hamas’ genocidal massacre on October 7 has deep historical roots

• OCTOBER 16, 2023
• CHARLIE LADERMAN
• THEMES: ISRAEL-PALESTINE

The 1929 Hebron massacre perpetrated by followers of Haj Amin Husseini, the Mufti of Jerusalem, demonstrates the deep roots of Islamist ideology.

A funeral for one of the victims of the 1929 Hebron Massacre. Credit: UtCon Collection / Alamy Stock Photo

A massacre of unarmed Jews is under way. Homes have been ransacked and their inhabitants tortured, raped and slaughtered. Hearing screams in one house, a policeman rushes in to find ‘an Arab in the act of cutting off a child’s head with a sword’. Behind him another with a dagger looms over a ‘Jewish woman smothered in blood’. Another policeman finds one Jewish body dumped in the street that had been ‘burned so much that the legs were separated from the body’.
This is not an account of the heinous massacres perpetrated by Hamas in Israel on 7 October, although the details are practically identical. These are British reports of the 1929 massacres in Hebron and other Jewish areas of mandate Palestine. More than 130 Jews were murdered in ‘acts of unspeakable savagery’ by ‘ruthless and bloodthirsty evildoers’ according to the British authorities. They blamed these atrocities on ‘racial animosity on the part of the Arabs’.
Some of the most callous and immoral Western progressives and apologists for terror have tried to justify, excuse and even celebrate this past weekend’s pogroms as acts of ‘resistance’ against occupation. As if anything could justify the rape of innocent women, the butchery of the elderly and the murder of babies. But the example of Hebron gives even further proof, as if any was needed, to the lie that such extreme religiously motivated terror is a response to occupation. This is not any way a response to occupation. There had been a continuous Jewish presence in Hebron stretching back to biblical times prior to the 1929 pogrom. Yet, before the state of Israel even existed, Arabs slaughtered their Jewish neighbours without remorse and without regard for age, sex or how long they had resided in the land.
Just as now, evidence of these barbaric crimes still could not convince the most bigoted. The socialist Fabian member, and co-founder of the London School of Economics, Beatrice Webb, responded to the massacres in Hebron with disdain: ‘I can’t understand why the Jews make such a fuss over a few dozen of their people killed in Palestine. As many are killed every week in London in traffic accidents, and no one pays any attention.’
Fanning the flames of these barbaric assaults in 1929 was Haj Amin Husseini, the Mufti of Jerusalem. It was the mufti who propagated the idea that the Jews were planning to conquer the Temple Mount in Jerusalem and destroy the Al-Aqsa Mosque. He drew on religious rhetoric to urge violent resistance, infusing the emerging Palestinian Arab national movement with a radical Islamic aspect. He would go on to be a confidant of Adolf Hitler and a zealous supporter of the ‘Final Solution’, recruiting three mostly Muslim Waffen SS divisions in the Balkans. Despite the overwhelming evidence of his collaboration with the Nazis, the Allied powers decided against prosecuting him for ‘war crimes’ for fear of insulting Arab sensibilities in the geopolitically pivotal Middle East.
After the war, the mufti escaped house arrest and fled to Egypt, where he was lauded by Hasan al-Banna, founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, as the ‘hero who challenged an empire and fought Zionism with the help of Hitler and Germany’. The Nazis ‘are gone’, al-Banna proclaimed, ‘but Amin Al-Husseini will continue the struggle’ with the help of the ‘Arab youth, Cabinet Ministers, rich men, and princes’.
As the leader of the Arab Higher Committee in Palestine, Husseini was influential in rejecting the UN partition plan in 1947-8 and rallying Arab leaders to wage war for the ‘elimination of the Jewish state’. Yet Husseini’s most enduring and darkest legacy is his collaboration with al-Banna to forge a radically anti-semitic, Islamist movement to carry on their struggle against the Jews. Forty years after Israel’s independence, Hamas, an offshoot of al-Banna’s Muslim Brotherhood, was established. Its founding charter appealed to divine sanction for genocide: ‘The Day of Judgement will not come about’, it maintained, ‘until Muslims fight the Jews (killing the Jews), when the Jew will hide behind stones and trees. The stones and trees will say O Muslims, O Abdulla, there is a Jew behind me, come and kill him.’ The gruesome anti-semitic barbarities that the world witnessed in Israel are just the latest, if most horrific, crimes in a terror campaign stretching back a century.
In 1929, British authorities responded to the massacres by evacuating the entire Jewish community from Hebron and placating the mufti further by reducing Jewish immigration. This time, as the current British government has made clear, there can be no concession to terror. The Hebron massacres should serve as a reminder that, unless this murderous ideology is extinguished, even worse crimes await.

Hamas' genocidal massacre on October 7 has deep historical roots

The 1929 Hebron massacre perpetrated by followers of Haj Amin Husseini, the Mufti of Jerusalem, demonstrates the deep roots of Islamist ideology.

engelsbergideas.com

 

[Willo]

Here’s some more background

The list of crimes committed by Muslims against Jews since the 7th century​

Oct 10, 2023
328
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https://medium.com/m/signin?actionU...-----------------post_audio_button-----------

▪ 622–627: ethnic cleansing of Jews from Mecca and Medina, (Jewish boys were publicly inspected for pubic hair and executed if they had any)

▪ 624: after the victory of Badr, beginning of the elimination of the Jews

▪ 625: expulsion of the Jewish clan of Al Nadir

▪ 626: massacre of the Beni Khazradj Jews and division of families and loot

▪ 626? : expedition against the Jews beni Qoraizha, insulted by Mohammed: “O you, monkeys and pigs…”

▪ 626? : massacre of 700 Beni Qoraïzha Jews, bound for three days, then slaughtered above a ditch, with the young boys

▪ 626: murder of the Jew Kab, leader of the Beni Nadhir and satirist poet, and of his wife who had made fun of Mohammed

▪ 626: expedition against the Jews of Kaihbar

▪ 626: murder on the orders of Muhammad of the Jew Sallam abu Rafi

▪ 626: Mohammed had the palm trees of the Jewish oasis Beni Nadhir cut down

▪ 627: elimination of the Jewish Qurayza clan in Medina

▪ 627: massacre of the Jews of Medina; sharing of families and property

▪ 628? : attack on the Jews of Khaibar, and torture of prisoners

▪ 628? : taking of the Jewish oasis of Fadak as Mohammed’s personal property

▪ 628: submission of the Jews of Wadil Qora

▪ 628: Mohammed to the Jews beni Qainoqa: “if you do not embrace Islam, I declare war on

you”

▪ 629: first massacres in Alexandria, Egypt

▪ 622–634: extermination of the 14 Arab Jewish tribes

▪ 630: submission of the Jews and Christians of Makna, Eilat, Jerba

▪ 638: expulsion of the Jews from Jerusalem

▪ 640: expulsion of Jews from Hedjez

▪ 643: expulsion of the Jews from Khaibar by Omar

▪ 822–861: the Islamic empire adopts a law requiring Jews to wear yellow stars (a bit like

Nazi Germany), caliph al-Mutawakkil

▪ 940: beheading of the Jewish exilarch of Baghdad for having sullied the name of Mohammed

▪ 945: assassination by a crowd of fanatics of the last Jewish exilarch of Baghdad

▪ 948: closure of the Jewish theological school of Baghdad “Sora”
▪ 1004: Jews and Christians must wear a black turban and sash in Egypt

▪ 1009: Jews and Christians in Egypt must wear a cross or bells in the baths

▪ 1009: destruction of the Holy Sepulcher of Jerusalem by the Fatimids

▪ 1010–1013: start of massacre of hundreds of Jews around Cordoba

▪ 1016: Jews are persecuted and driven out of Kairouan

▪ 1010: persecution of Christians, Jews and Sunnis by the Fatimid caliph Al Hakim

▪ 1032: 5 to 6,000 Jews killed in a riot in Fez and expulsion of survivors

▪ 1040: beheading of the Jewish theologian Gaon Chizkiya, head of a Talmudic school

▪ 1106: Ali Ibn Yousef Ibn Tashifin of Marrakech decrees the death penalty for any local Jew, including his Jewish doctor, and his military general.

▪ 1148: the Almohads of Morocco give Jews the choice of converting to Islam or being expelled

▪ 1057: capture and pillage of Kairouan by the Hilalian tribes; expulsion of Jews and certain Muslims

▪ 1066: Massacre of thousands of Jews in Granada in Muslim-occupied Spain

▪ 1073: start of persecution against Jews and Christians by the Turks in Jerusalem

▪ 1127: in Morocco, after the failure of the prophetic movement of the Jewish messiah Moshe Dhery, wave of persecutions and forced conversions

▪ 1142: start of persecution against the Jews by the Almohads; massacre in Tlemcen, Bougie, Oran

▪ 1145: the Jews of Tunis must choose between conversion and exile

▪ 1146: capture of Meknes by the Almohads; persecution of the Jews

▪ 1147: capture of Tlemcen by the Almohads; persecution of the Jews

▪ 1147: Almohad invasion of Spain: expulsion of Jews or forced conversions

▪ 1147: capture of Marrakech by the Almohads; persecution of the Jews

▪ 1147: start of Almohad persecutions against the Jews of North Africa

▪ 1148: start of the exodus of Maimonides fleeing the intolerance of the Almohads

▪ 1148: Almohadin of Morocco gives Jews the choice of converting to Islam or being expelled.

▪ 1152: advent of Abd el Moumin in Morocco; choice for Christians and Jews between conversion or death

▪ 1159: controversy between Maimonides and the rabbi of Fez on the attitude towards forcible converts

▪ 1160: capture of Ifriqiya by the Moroccans of Abd el Moumen; Jews and Christians must choose between death and conversion; Jews are converted by force and superficially.

▪ 1165–1178: Yemen: Jews throughout the country were given the choice (under the new constitution) to convert to Islam or die

▪ 1165: chief rabbi of the Maghreb burned alive. The Rambam fled to Egypt.

▪ 1165: flight of Maimonides to Egypt to escape the Almohads

▪ 1171: in Egypt, decree recalling obedience to ordinances concerning the submission of Jewish and Christian infidels under penalty of death

 

[Willo]

▪ 1184: the Almohads impose distinctive signs on Christians and Jews in Spain

▪ 1198: forced conversion of the Jews of Aden

▪ 1220: tens of thousands of Jews killed by Muslims after being blamed for the Mongol invasion, Turkey, Iraq, Syria, Egypt

▪ 1232: massacre of the Jews of Marrakech

▪ 1266: the tomb of the Patriarchs of Hebron is converted into a mosque and closed to Jews and Christians

▪ 1267: Mamluk Sultan Baybars forbids Jews from entering the vault of the Patriarchs in Hebron; the ban ended exactly five centuries later in 1967

▪ 1270: Sultan Baibars of Egypt resolved to burn all the Jews, a ditch having been dug for this purpose; but at the last moment he repented and instead demanded a heavy tribute, in which many perished.

▪ 1270: widespread segregation of Jews in Andalusia

▪ 1276: 2nd pogrom of Fez, Morocco

▪ 1284: In Baghdad, the Jewish doctor Ibn Kammuna died locked in a trunk after writing “a book in which he showed irreverence towards the prophecies”; he escapes a lynching and is threatened with the stake

▪ 1291: death of the converted Jew Sad al Dawla, grand vizier of Argun Khan in Iran, a rank which provoked the anger of the Muslim court

▪ 1291: forced conversion of the Jews of Tabriz in Persia

▪ 1301: start of the persecution of the Jews in Egypt

▪ 1318: beheading of Rashid aldin Tabid, historian and Persian minister, Jewish convert who provoked the anger of Muslim elites

▪ 1318: forced conversion of the Jews of Tabriz in Persia

▪ 1333: forced conversion of the Jews of Baghdad

▪ 1333: the traveler Ibn Battuta complains that Djenkchi Khan djagataï allows Jews and Christians to repair their places of worship

▪ 1334: forced conversion of the Jews of Baghdad

▪ 1344: forced conversion of the Jews of Baghdad

▪ 1351: trial of Jews (in Cairo?) accused of desecration, who must choose between conversion or death

▪ 1385 : Massacres du Khorasan, Iran

▪ 1390: foundation of the first Jewish ghetto in Fez

▪ 1391: in Morocco, persecution of Jews from Spain

▪ 1438: creation of ghettos for Jews in the cities of Morocco, under the name “mellah”

▪ 1438: 1st massacres in the Mellah ghetto, North Africa

▪ 1448: in Egypt, decree recalling obedience to ordinances concerning the submission of Jewish and Christian infidels under penalty of death

▪ 1450: trial of Jews accused of having written the name of Mohammed in their synagogue in Fustat; they are converted by force

▪ 1465: In Fez, pogroms after the discovery in the Jewish quarter of the tomb of the city’s founder, a descendant of Mohammed…; Jews are forced to move to the ghetto (11 Jews left alive)

▪ 1492: Jewish community of Touat in Morocco is massacred; synagogues destroyed

▪ 1516: Algerian Jews receive the official status of dhimmi from the Ottomans; certain colors are forbidden to them (red and green); they are not allowed to ride horses or carry weapons; they must pay the discriminatory tax; their representative is ritually slapped during the delivery of tribute to the authorities

▪ 1517: 1st pogrom in Safed, Ottoman Palestine

▪ 1517: 1st pogrom of Hebron, Ottoman Palestine

▪ Massacre of Marsa ibn Ghazi, Ottoman Libya

▪ 1521: expulsion of Jews from Belgrade by the Ottomans

▪ 1524: expulsion of Jews from Buda in Hungary by the Ottomans

▪ 1535: pogrom then expulsion of Jews from Tunisia

▪ 1554: looting and persecution against the Jewish population of Marrakech by the Turks who took the city

▪ 1574: civil war in Morocco between three claimants; Jews are victims of all camps

▪ 1577: Passover massacre, Ottoman Empire

▪ 1588–1629 : pogroms of Mahalay, Iran

▪ 1604: start of a period of famine, violence and forced conversions of the Jewish population of Fez: 2000 conversions in 2 years

▪ 1608: persecution for two years of the Jews of Taroudat by the Berbers

▪ 1622: forced conversion of the Jews of Persia

▪ 1630–1700: Yemenite Jews were considered “impure” and therefore forbidden to touch a Muslim or a Muslim’s food. They were obliged to humble themselves before a Muslim, walk on the left side and greet him first. They could not build houses taller than those of a Muslim or ride a camel or horse, and when riding a mule or donkey, they had to sit on the side. When entering the Muslim quarter, a Jew had to take off his shoes and walk barefoot. If attacked with stones or fists by Muslim youths, a Jew was not allowed to defend himself.

▪ 1650: Jews from Tunisia are deported to special neighborhoods called “hara”

▪ 1650: forced conversion of the Jews of Persia, under Shah Abbas II

▪ 1656: Jews expelled from Isfahan in Iran

▪ 1660: 2 pogroms in Safed and Tiberias, Ottoman Palestine

▪ 1670: Expulsion of Mawza, Yemen

▪ 1676: expulsion of Jews from Sanaa in Yemen

▪ 1678: forced conversion of Jews in Yemen

▪ 1679–1680: Sanaa massacres, Yemen

▪ 1700: massacre of Jews in Yemen

▪ 1747 : Massacres de Mashhad, Iran

▪ 1758: executions of a Jew and an Armenian in Constantinople for violation of the legislation on the clothing of infidels

▪ 1770: expulsion of Jews from Jeddah in Arabia

▪ 1785 : Tripoli Porom, Libya ottomane

▪ 1790–92: Pogrom of Tetouan. Morocco (Jews of Tetouan undressed and lined up)

▪ 1790: destruction of most of the Jewish communities in Morocco

▪ 1800: new decree adopted in Yemen, prohibiting Jews from wearing new or good clothes. Jews were forbidden to ride mules or donkeys, and were sometimes rounded up for long, naked marches through the Roob al Khali desert.

▪ 1805: 1st pogrom in Ottoman Algeria against the Jews of Algiers after a famine. French

consul Dubois-Thainville saves 200 Jews by sheltering them in his consulate.

▪ 1805: exile of Jews from Algiers to Tunis and Livorno

▪ 1805, the leader of the Jewish Nation of Algiers, Naphthalie Busnach, is killed while riots ravage the neighborhoods.

▪ 1806: expulsion by fatwa of the Jews of Sali in Morocco

▪ 1806: ban on Moroccan Jews wearing Western clothing

▪ 1806: the janissaries of the dey of Algiers massacre and pillage in the Jewish quarter

▪ 1807: expulsion of Jews from Tetouan

▪ 1808: 1st massacres in the Mellah ghetto, North Africa

▪ 1815, the chief rabbi of Algiers, Isaac Aboulker, is beheaded during a riot.

▪ 1815: the Jews of Algiers are forced to fight against an invasion of locusts

▪ 1815: 2nd pogrom of Algiers, Ottoman Algeria

▪ 1816: in Algeria, ban on carrying weapons for Jews and Christians

▪ 1820: Massacres of Sahalu Lobiant, Ottoman Syria

▪ 1828 : pogrom de Baghdad, Iraq ottoman

▪ 1830: 3rd pogrom of Algeria, Ottoman Algeria

▪ 1830: start of the persecution of Jews in Persia, caused by the Russian advance in the Caucasus

▪ 1830: ethnic cleansing of Jews in Tabriz, Iran

▪ 1834: 2nd pogrom of Hebron, Ottoman Palestine

▪ 1834 : Pogrom de Safed, Palestine ottomane

 

[Willo]

▪ 1838: Druze attack in Safed, Ottoman Palestine

▪ 1839: Massacre of the Mashadi Jews, Iran

▪ 1839: forced conversion of surviving Jews from Mashadi

▪ 1839: campaign of forced conversions of Iranian Jews

▪ 1840: persecution of the Jews of Damascus; ritual murder case

▪ 1840: forced conversion of the Jews of Mashadi

▪ 1841: massive murders of Jews in Morocco; the sultan is obliged to consider the Jews as his personal property, which helps to protect them

▪ 1840: Damascus, ritual murders (French Muslims and Christians kidnapped, tortured and killed Jewish children for entertainment), Ottoman Syria

▪ 1844: 1st Cairo massacre, Ottoman Egypt

▪ 1847: Dayr al-Qamar Pogrom, Liban ottoman

▪ 1847: ethnic cleansing of Jews in Jerusalem, Ottoman Palestine

▪ 1848: 1st pogrom of Damascus, Syria

▪ 1848: total disappearance of the Jews of Mashhad

▪ 1850: 1st pogrom of Aleppo, Ottoman Syria

▪ 1854: anti-Jewish pogrom in Demnate, Morocco

▪ 1857: beheading in Tunis of the Jewish coachman Batou Sfez, accused of blasphemy, while he was drunk

▪ 1860: 2nd pogrom of Damascus, Ottoman Syria

▪ 1862: 1st pogrom of Beirut, Ottoman Lebanon

▪ 1866 : pogrom at Kuzguncuk, Turquie Ottomane

▪ 1867: Barfurush massacre, Ottoman Türkiye

▪ 1868: Eyub Pogrom, Ottoman Türkiye

▪ 1869: Massacre of Tunis, Ottoman Tunisia

▪ 1869: Massacre of Sfax, Ottoman Tunisia

▪ 1864–1880: Marrakech massacre, Morocco

▪ 1870: 2nd Alexandria massacres, Ottoman Egypt

▪ 1870: 1st pogrom in Istanbul, Ottoman Türkiye

▪ 1871: 1st Damanhur massacres, Ottoman Egypt

▪ 1872: Massacres in Edirne, Ottoman Türkiye

▪ 1872: 1st pogrom of Izmir, Ottoman Türkiye

▪ 1873: 2nd massacre of Damanhur, Ottoman Egypt

▪ 1874: 2nd pogrom of Izmir, Ottoman Türkiye

▪ 1874: 2nd pogrom of Istanbul, Ottoman Türkiye

▪ 1874: 2nd pogrom of Beirut, Ottoman Lebanon

▪ 1875: 2 pogroms in Aleppo, Ottoman Syria

▪ 1875: Massacre on the island of Djerba, Ottoman Tunisia

▪ 1877 : 3e massacre de Damanhur, Egypte ottomane

▪ 1877: Pogrom of Mansura, Ottoman Egypt

▪ 1882: Massacre of Homs, Ottoman Syria

▪ 1882: 3rd massacre of Alexandria, Ottoman Egypt

▪ 1889: after the funeral of a rabbi, deemed too discreet, the Jewish cemetery of Baghdad was confiscated

▪ 1889: looting of the Jewish quarter of Baghdad

▪ 1890: 2nd Cairo massacre, Ottoman Egypt

▪ 1890, 3e pogrom de Damas, Syrie ottomane

▪ 1891: 4th massacre of Damanahur, Ottoman Egypt

▪ 1897: murders in Tripoli, Ottoman Libya

▪ 1903&1907: Taza & Settat, pogroms, Morocco

▪ 1890: Massacres of Tunis, Ottoman Tunisia

▪ 1901–1902: 3rd Cairo massacre, Ottoman Egypt

▪ 1901–1907: 4th Alexandria massacres, Ottoman Egypt

▪ 1903: 1st Port Said massacres, Ottoman Egypt

▪ 1903–1940: Pogroms of Taza and Settat, Morocco

▪ 1904: massacre of Jews in Yemen

▪ 1907: Casablanca, pogrom, Morocco

▪ 1908: 2nd Port Said massacre, Ottoman Egypt

▪ 1909: comment from the British vice-consul of Mosul: “The attitude of Muslims towards Christians and Jews is that of a master towards his slaves.”

▪ 1910: blood libel of Shiraz

▪ 1911: Shiraz pogrom

▪ 1912: 4th Fez, Pogrom, Morocco

▪ 1914: expulsion of Jews from Palestine old enough to bear arms by the Ottomans

▪ 1917: Jewish Inquisition of Baghdadi, Ottoman Empire

▪ 1918–1948: adoption of a law prohibiting the raising of a Jewish orphan, Yemen

▪ 1920: Irbid massacres: British mandate in Palestine

▪ 1920–1930: Arab riots, British Mandate Palestine

▪ 1921: 1st Jaffa riots, British Mandate Palestine

▪ 1922: Massacres of Djerba, Tunisia

▪ 1922: law of forced conversion of orphans in Yemen, concerning Jews including as adults

▪ 1927: 60 Jews killed by Arabs in the Mellah of Casablanca Morocco

▪ 1928: Massacres of Ikhwan, in Egypt and under British mandate in Palestine.

▪ 1928: Jewish orphans sold into slavery and forced to convert to Islam by the Muslim Brotherhood, Yemen

▪ 1929: anti-Jewish riots, British mandate: in August 1929, the Jews demanded the construction of the Western Wall; pogroms in Jerusalem, Hebron, Safed. To stop the violence, the British reject this request

▪ 1929: 3rd Hebron Pogrom under British Mandate Palestine.

▪ 1929 3e pogrom de Safed, mandate britannique Palestine.

▪ 1933: 2nd Jaffa riots, British mandate in Palestine.

▪ 1934: Anti-Jewish pogrom in Constantine Algeria. 200 Jewish stores were raided, the total material damage was estimated at more than 150 million francs. It also sent a quarter of Constantine’s Jewish population into poverty.

▪ 1934: Pogroms in Thrace, Türkiye

▪ 1934: 1st massacres in Farhud, Iraq

▪ 1936: 3rd Jaffa riots, British Mandate Palestine

▪ 1936: 2e massacre of Farhud, Irak

▪ 1938: boycott of Jews in Egypt

▪ 1939: discovery of 3 bombs in synagogues in Cairo

▪ 1941 : 3e massacre de Farhud, Iraq

▪ 1941: persecution of Jews in Libya

▪ 1941: massacre of Jews in Baghdad, with the support of the authorities: approx. 170 dead

▪ 1942: collaboration of the mufti with the Nazis. Plays a role in the final solution

▪ 1942: Struma disaster, Türkiye

▪ 1942: Nile Delta pogroms, Egypt

 

[Willo]

▪ 1938–1945: Arab collaboration with the Nazis
▪ 1942: discriminatory tax law of Varlik Vergisi in Turkey against Jews and Christians
▪ 1942: looting of Jewish property in Benghazi and deportation to the desert
▪ 1944: attack on the Jewish quarter of Damascus
▪ 1945: anti-Jewish and anti-Christian riots in Egypt; churches and synagogues destroyed
▪ 1945: 4th Cairo massacre, Egypt
▪ 1945: Pogrom of Tripoli, Libya
▪ 1947: segregation measures against Jews in Egypt
▪ 1947: pogrom in Libya; approx. 130 dead
▪ 1947 : Pogroms d’Aden au Yemen
▪ 1947: 3rd pogrom d’Alep, Syrie
▪ 1948: “emptying” of the Jewish quarter of Damascus, Syria
▪ 1948: 1st Arab-Israeli war (1 Jew killed in 100)
▪ 1948 : Oujda & Jerada Pogroms, Morocco
▪ 1948: 1st Libyan Inquisition of the Jews
▪ 1948: attacks by the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood against Jewish traders
▪ 1950: massive departure of Jews from Arab countries
▪ 1951: 2nd Libyan Inquisition of the Jews
▪ 1952: anti-Jewish and anti-Christian pogroms in Suez
▪ 1954: assassinations and attacks in Algeria affecting the Jewish community, the desecration and destruction of 30 synagogues are attributed to Muslim populations.
▪ The desecration in 1960 of the synagogue of Algiers as well as the cemetery of Oran,
▪ 1954: Massacre of Sidi Kacem. 6 Jews were beaten and then burned alive with their children.
▪ 1955: anti-Jewish and Christian riots in Türkiye; looting of churches and Jewish stores
▪ 1955: attack on the rabbi of Batna,
▪ 1956: fire in a synagogue in Oran,
▪ 1956: in response to the attack on Suez, Nasser expels almost all Jews from Egypt, around 90,000 people, and confiscates their property
▪ 1957: murder of the rabbi of Nedroma,
▪ 1957: murder of the rabbi of Médéa,
▪ 1957–1962: attacks in the Jewish neighborhoods of Oran and Constantine.
▪ 1961: grenade thrown into a synagogue in Boghari, Bousaada,
▪ 1961: ransacking of the Casbah synagogue in Algiers,
▪ September 2, 1961, the assassination of a Jewish hairdresser in Oran and anti-Jewish attacks
▪ 1955 : 3rd pogrom d’Istanbul, Turkey
▪ 1955: anti-Jewish riots in Izmir
▪ 1956: 1st Egyptian Inquisition of the Jews
▪ 1956: in response to the attack on Suez, Nasser expels tens of thousands of Jews and confiscates their property
▪ 1960: a Saudi newspaper describes Eichmann: “the man who can be proud of having killed five million Jews”
▪ 1961: in Algeria, assassination of Jewish musician Sheik Raymond
▪ 1962: desecration of the Jewish cemetery of Oran
▪ 1962 : pogrom d’Oran
▪ July 5, 1962, a few days after the independence of Algeria, between 900 and 1,300 Europeans, notably Jews, were massacred in Oran.
▪ 1964: the Egyptian army weekly notes: “In essence, the Jew has no qualifications to bear arms.”
▪ 1964: Nasser tells a German neo-Nazi newspaper: “No one takes seriously the lie of 6 million murdered Jews”
▪ 1965: the Egyptian military manual presents the war against Israel as a jihad and quotes the Koran: “kill them wherever you reach them”
▪ 1965: wave of anti-Semitism in Algeria; flight of the Jewish community
▪ 1965: pogrom in Aden
▪ 1965: 5th pogrom in Fez, Morocco
▪ 1967: 2nd Egyptian Inquisition of the Jews
▪ 1967: Egyptian Jews are herded into camps during the Six Day War
▪ 1967: pogrom in Libya during the Six Day War
▪ 1967: pogroms in Tunisia
▪ 1967: the World Islamic Congress in Amman declares that Jews living in Arab countries must be considered “mortal enemies”
▪ 1967: pogrom in Aden
▪ 1967: arson of the great synagogue of Tunis
▪ 1967: riots in Tunis, Tunisia
▪ 1967: World Islamic Congress in Jordan; it was decided that all Muslim governments must treat Jews “as mortal enemies”.
▪ 1967: publication in Egypt of the anti-Semitic text “The Protocol of the Elders of Zion”
▪ 1967: pogrom and looting of Jewish stores in Tunisia
▪ 1969: Khomeini delivers thirteen speeches in Najaf which will be the basis of his book “The
Islamic Government”; he develops the theme of hatred of Jews, accused of conspiring against Islam everywhere
▪ 1969: execution of Jews in Baghdad
▪ 1970: flight SR-330 Zurich — Tel Aviv crashes in a forest near Würenlingen, killing all 47 occupants. A bomb planted by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine exploded 9 minutes after takeoff
▪ 1979: start of the flight of 200,000 Iranian Jews after the Islamist revolution.
Strangely, Palestinians have historically never been involved in any massacre of Jews — because they never existed before the 1960s.


Nothing much ever mentioned when Jews were murdered, their land, businesses and homes were stolen when they were kicked out or were forced to leave the Arab countries they had been born in and lived in for generations.

With all those deaths, pogroms , attacks, murders, confiscations, theft etc. You can see why the Jews wanted their own land back. And why Britain, the League of Nations and then the United Nations granted them land.

The list of crimes committed by Muslims against Jews since the 7th century

▪ 622–627: ethnic cleansing of Jews from Mecca and Medina, (Jewish boys were publicly inspected for pubic hair and executed if they had…

medium.com

 

[Willo]

How much more background do we need David?

The UN Resolution 181 Plan for The Partition for Palestine. 29 November 1947. Resolution 181 also gave the Palestinians a legal basis for statehood.
All of which was rejected.
Imagine if the Palestinians had accepted that Plan with the land shown above. And they had Statehood back then. But obviously that wasn’t good enough. They wanted Israel expunged, annihilated swept off the earth.

But no, in collusion with Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, the Palestinian militants under the leadership of Egypt invaded Israel.
The Arab military leaders warned the local Arabs living there to evacuate as the Invasion occurred.
Then cam 1967, the Six Day War. Then came 1973, the Yom Kippur War. Added to that all the continual terror attacks tha5 continued up until today.
the trouble is, the Palestinians never wanted and don’t want a 2 state solution. They want every skerrick and the Jews out and Israel gone. Every time they start a conflict to achieve those aims, they’ve failed. Then they complain to all and sundry
Maybe it’s time to stop starting wars and conflicts with Israel if they want to exist.
They’re slow learners

United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org